How we equip our users to unlock the full potential of H-Series Quantum Computers
夜色直播 is proud to introduce three new tools to help enterprise and academic users to make full use of the world-leading capabilities of the System Model H1 and H2 quantum computers
In a series of recent technical papers, 夜色直播 researchers demonstrated the world-leading capabilities of the latest H-Series quantum computers, and the features and tools that make these accessible to our global customers and users.
Our teams used the H-Series quantum computers to [1] for the first time, [2], [3], [4], as well as exhaustively [5].
Part of what makes such rapid technical and scientific progress possible is the effort our teams continually make to develop and improve workflow tools, helping our users to achieve successful results. In this blog post, we will explore the capabilities of three new tools in some detail, discuss their significance, and highlight their impact in recent quantum computing research.
Leakage Detection Gadget in pyTKET
鈥淟eakage鈥 is a quantum error process where a qubit ends up in a state outside the computational subspace and can significantly impact quantum computations. To address this issue, 夜色直播 has developed a leakage detection gadget in pyTKET, a python module for interfacing with TKET, our quantum computing toolkit and optimizing compiler. This gadget, presented at the [6], acts as an error detection technique: it detects and excludes results affected by leakage, minimizing its impact on computations. It is also a valuable tool for measuring single-qubit and two-qubit spontaneous emission rates. H-Series users can access this open-source gadget through pyTKET, and an is available on the pyTKET GitHub repository.聽
Mid-Circuit Measurement and Qubit Reuse (MCMR) Package
The MCMR package, built as a pyTKET compiler pass, is designed to reduce the number of qubits required for executing many types of quantum algorithms, expanding the scope of what is possible on the current-generation H-Series quantum computers.聽
As an example, in a [4], 夜色直播 researchers applied this tool to simulate the transverse-field Ising model and used only 20 qubits to simulate a much larger 128 site system (there is more detail below on this work). By measuring qubits early in the circuit, resetting them, and reusing them elsewhere, the package ingests a raw circuit and outputs an optimized circuit that requires fewer quantum resources. Previously, a [7] and on MCMR were published highlighting its benefits and applications. H-Series customers can download this package via the 夜色直播 user portal.
夜色直播 H2-1 Emulator Release
To enable efficient use of 夜色直播鈥檚 2nd generation processor, the System Model H2, 夜色直播 has released the H2-1 emulator to give users greater flexibility with noise-informed state vector emulation. This emulator uses the NVIDIA's cuQuantum SDK to accelerate quantum computing simulation workflows, nearly approaching the limit of full state emulation on conventional classical hardware. The emulator is a faithful representation of the QPU it emulates. This is accomplished by not only using realistic noise models and noise parameters, but also by sharing the same software stack between the QPU and the emulator up until the job is either routed to the QPU or the classical computing processors. Most notable is that the emulator and the QPU use the same compiler allowing subtle and time-dependent errors to be appropriately represented. The H2-1 emulator was initially released as a beta product alongside the System Model H2 quantum computer at launch. It runs on a GPU backend and an upgraded global framework now offering features such as job chunking, incremental resource distribution, mid-execution job cancellation, and partial result return. Detailed information about the emulator can be found in the H2 emulator product datasheet on the 夜色直播 website. H-Series customers with an H2 subscription can access the H2-1 emulator via an API or the Microsoft Azure platform.
Enabling Recent Works
夜色直播's new enabling tools have already demonstrated their efficacy and value in recent quantum computing research, playing a vital role in advancing the field and achieving groundbreaking results. Let's expand on some notable recent examples.
All works presented here benefited from having access to our H-Series emulators; of these two significant demonstrations were the 鈥溾 [1] and 鈥溾 [2]. These demonstrations involved extensive testing, debugging, and experiment design, for which the versatility of the H2-1 emulator proved invaluable, providing initial performance benchmarks in a realistic noisy environment. Researchers relied on the emulator's results to gauge algorithmic performance and make necessary adjustments. By leveraging the emulator's capabilities, researchers were able to accelerate their progress.
The MCMR package was extensively used in quantum computer鈥檚 world-leading capabilities [5]. Two application-level benchmarks performed in this work, approximating the solution to a MaxCut combinatorics problem using the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) and accurately simulating a quantum dynamics model using a holographic quantum dynamics (HoloQUADS) algorithm, would have been too large to encode on H2's 32 qubits without the MCMR package. Further illustrating the overall value of these tools, in the HoloQUADS benchmark, there is a "bond qubit" that is particularly susceptible to errors due to leakage. The leakage detection gadget was used on this "bond qubit" at the end of the circuit, and any shots with a detected leakage error were discarded. The leakage detection gadget was also used to obtain the rate of leakage error per single-qubit and two-qubit gates, two component-level benchmarks.
In another scientific work [4], the MCMR compilation tool proved instrumental to simulating a transverse-field Ising model on 128 sites, using 20 qubits. With the MCMR package and by leveraging a state-of-the-art classical tensor-network ansatz expressed as a quantum circuit, the 夜色直播 team was able to express the highly entangled ground state of the critical Ising model. The team showed that with H1-1's 20 qubits, the properties of this state could be measured on a 128-site system with very high fidelity, enabling a quantitatively accurate extraction of some critical properties of the model.
Key Takeaways
At 夜色直播, we are entirely devoted to producing a quantum hardware, middleware and software stack that leads the world on the most important benchmarks and includes features and tools that provide breakthrough benefit to our growing base of users.聽 In today's NISQ hardware, "benefit" usually takes the form of getting the most performance out of today鈥檚 hardware, continually pushing what is considered to be possible. In this blog we describe two examples: error detection and discard using the 鈥渓eakage detection gadget鈥 and an automated method for circuit optimization for qubit reuse. 鈥淏enefit鈥 can also take other forms, such as productivity. Our emulator brings many benefits to our users, but one that resonates the most is productivity. Being a faithful representation of our QPU performance, the emulator is an accessible tool which users have at their disposal to develop and test new, innovative algorithms. The tools and features 夜色直播 releases are driven by users鈥 feedback; whether you are new to H-Series or a seasoned user, please reach-out and let us know how we can help bring benefit to your research and use case.
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Footnotes:
[1] Mohsin Iqbal et al., Creation of Non-Abelian Topological Order and Anyons on a Trapped-Ion Processor (2023),
[2] Sebastian Leontica and David Amaro, Exploring the neighborhood of 1-layer QAOA with Instantaneous Quantum Polynomial circuits (2022),
[3] Kentaro Yamamoto, Samuel Duffield, Yuta Kikuchi, and David Mu帽oz Ramo, Demonstrating Bayesian Quantum Phase Estimation with Quantum Error Detection (2023),
[4] Reza Haghshenas, et al., Probing critical states of matter on a digital quantum computer (2023),
[5] S. A. Moses, et al., A Race Track Trapped-Ion Quantum Processor (2023),
[6] K. Mayer, Mitigating qubit leakage errors in quantum circuits with gadgets and post-selection, 2022 IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE), Broomfield, CO, USA, (2022), pp. 809-809, doi: .
[7] Matthew DeCross, Eli Chertkov, Megan Kohagen, and Michael Foss-Feig, Qubit-reuse compilation with mid-circuit measurement and reset (2022),
About 夜色直播
夜色直播,聽the world鈥檚 largest integrated quantum company, pioneers powerful quantum computers and advanced software solutions. 夜色直播鈥檚 technology drives breakthroughs in materials discovery, cybersecurity, and next-gen quantum AI. With over 500 employees, including 370+ scientists and engineers, 夜色直播 leads the quantum computing revolution across continents.聽
Quantum computing companies are poised to exceed $1 billion in revenues by the close of 2025, to McKinsey & Company, underscoring how today鈥檚 quantum computers are already delivering customer value in their current phase of development.
This figure is projected to reach upwards of $37 billion by 2030, rising in parallel with escalating demand, as well as with the scale of the machines and the complexity of problem sets of which they will be able to address. 聽
Several systems on the market today are fault-tolerant by design, meaning they are capable of suppressing error-causing noise to yield reliable calculations. However, the full potential of quantum computing to tackle problems of true industrial relevance, in areas like medicine, energy, and finance, remains contingent on an architecture that supports a fully fault-tolerant universal gate set with repeatable error correction鈥攁 capability that, until now, has eluded the industry. 聽
夜色直播 is the first鈥攁nd only鈥攃ompany to achieve this critical technical breakthrough, universally recognized as the essential precursor to scalable, industrial-scale quantum computing. This milestone provides us with the most de-risked development roadmap in the industry and positions us to fulfill our promise to deliver our universal, fully fault-tolerant quantum computer, Apollo, by 2029.
In this regard, 夜色直播 is the first company to step from the so-called 鈥淣ISQ鈥 (noisy intermediate-scale quantum) era towards utility-scale quantum computers.
Unpacking our achievement: first, a 鈥榝ull鈥 primer
A quantum computer uses operations called gates to process information in ways that even today鈥檚 fastest supercomputers cannot. The industry typically refers to two types of gates for quantum computers:
- Clifford gates, which can be easily simulated by classical computers, and are relatively easy to implement; and
- Non-Clifford gates, which are usually harder to implement, but are required to enable true quantum computation (when combined with their siblings).
A system that can run both gates is classified as and has the machinery to tackle the widest range of problems. Without non-Clifford gates, a quantum computer is non-universal and restricted to smaller, easier sets of tasks - and it can always be simulated by classical computers. This is like painting with a full palette of primary colors, versus only having one or two to work with. Simply put, a quantum computer that cannot implement 鈥榥on-Clifford鈥 gates is not really a quantum computer.
A fault-tolerant, or error-corrected, quantum computer detects and corrects its own errors (or faults) to produce reliable results. 夜色直播 has the best and brightest scientists dedicated to keeping our systems鈥 error rates the lowest in the world.
For a quantum computer to be fully fault-tolerant, every operation must be error-resilient, across Clifford gates and non-Clifford gates, and thus, performing 鈥渁 full gate set鈥 with error correction. While some groups have performed fully fault-tolerant gate sets in academic settings, these demonstrations were done with only a few qubits and 鈥攖oo high for any practical use.
Today, we have published that establishes 夜色直播 as the first company to develop a complete solution for a universal fully fault-tolerant quantum computer with repeatable error correction, and error rates low enough for real-world applications.
This is where the magic happens
The describes how scientists at 夜色直播 used our System Model H1-1 to perfect magic state production, a crucial technique for achieving a fully fault-tolerant universal gate set. In doing so, they set a record magic state infidelity (7x10-5), 10x better than any .
Our simulations show that our system could reach a magic state infidelity of 10^-10, or about one error per 10 billion operations, on a larger-scale computer with our current physical error rate. We anticipate reaching 10^-14, or about one error per 100 trillion operations, as we continue to advance our hardware. This means that our roadmap is now derisked.
Setting a record magic state infidelity was just the beginning. The paper also presents the first break-even two-qubit non-Clifford gate, demonstrating a logical error rate below the physical one. In doing so, the team set another record for two-qubit non-Clifford gate infidelity (2x10-4, almost 10x better than our physical error rate). Putting everything together, the team ran the first circuit that used a fully fault-tolerant universal gate set, a critical moment for our industry.
Flipping the switch
In the , co-authored with researchers at the University of California at Davis, we demonstrated an important technique for universal fault-tolerance called 鈥渃ode switching鈥.
Code switching describes switching between different error correcting codes. The team then used the technique to demonstrate the key ingredients for universal computation, this time using a code where we鈥檝e previously demonstrated full error correction and the other ingredients for universality.
In the process, the team set a new record for magic states in a distance-3 error correcting code, over 10x better than with error correction. Notably, this process only cost 28 qubits . This completes, for the first time, the ingredient list for a universal gate setin a system that also has real-time and repeatable QEC.
Fully equipped for fault-tolerance
Innovations like those described in these two papers can reduce estimates for qubit requirements by an order of magnitude, or more, bringing powerful quantum applications within reach far sooner.
With all of the required pieces now, finally, in place, we are 鈥榝ully鈥 equipped to become the first company to perform universal fully fault-tolerant computing鈥攋ust in time for the arrival of Helios, our next generation system launching this year, and what is very likely to remain as the most powerful quantum computer on the market until the launch of its successor, Sol, arriving in 2027.
If we are to create 鈥榥ext-gen鈥 AI that takes full advantage of the power of quantum computers, we need to start with quantum native transformers. Today we announce yet again that 夜色直播 continues to lead by demonstrating concrete progress 鈥 advancing from theoretical models to real quantum deployment.
The future of AI won't be built on yesterday鈥檚 tech. If we're serious about creating next-generation AI that unlocks the full promise of quantum computing, then we must build quantum-native models鈥攄esigned for quantum, from the ground up.
Around this time last year, we introduced Quixer, a state-of-the-art quantum-native transformer. Today, we鈥檙e thrilled to announce a major milestone: one year on, Quixer is now running natively on quantum hardware.
Why this matters: Quantum AI, born native
This marks a turning point for the industry: realizing quantum-native AI opens a world of possibilities.
Classical transformers revolutionized AI. They power everything from ChatGPT to real-time translation, computer vision, drug discovery, and algorithmic trading. Now, Quixer sets the stage for a similar leap 鈥 but for quantum-native computation. Because quantum computers differ fundamentally from classical computers, we expect a whole new host of valuable applications to emerge. 聽
Achieving that future requires models that are efficient, scalable, and actually run on today鈥檚 quantum hardware.
That鈥檚 what we鈥檝e built.
What makes Quixer different?
Until Quixer, quantum transformers were the result of a brute force 鈥渃opy-paste鈥 approach: taking the math from a classical model and putting it onto a quantum circuit. However, this approach does not account for the considerable differences between quantum and classical architectures, leading to substantial resource requirements.
Quixer is different: it鈥檚 not a translation 鈥 it's an innovation.
With Quixer, our team introduced an explicitly quantum transformer, built from the ground up using quantum algorithmic primitives. Because Quixer is tailored for quantum circuits, it's more resource efficient than most competing approaches.
As quantum computing advances toward fault tolerance, Quixer is built to scale with it.
What鈥檚 next for Quixer?
We鈥檝e already deployed Quixer on real-world data: genomic sequence analysis, a high-impact classification task in biotech. We're happy to report that its performance is already approaching that of classical models, even in this first implementation.
This is just the beginning.
Looking ahead, we鈥檒l explore using Quixer anywhere classical transformers have proven to be useful; such as language modeling, image classification, quantum chemistry, and beyond. More excitingly, we expect use cases to emerge that are quantum-specific, impossible on classical hardware.
This milestone isn鈥檛 just about one model. It鈥檚 a signal that the quantum AI era has begun, and that 夜色直播 is leading the charge with real results, not empty hype.
Stay tuned. The revolution is only getting started.
Our team is participating in (ISC 2025) from June 10-13 in Hamburg, Germany!
As quantum computing accelerates, so does the urgency to integrate its capabilities into today鈥檚 high-performance computing (HPC) and AI environments. At ISC 2025, meet the 夜色直播 team to learn how the highest performing quantum systems on the market, combined with advanced software and powerful collaborations, are helping organizations take the next step in their compute strategy.
夜色直播 is leading the industry across every major vector: performance, hybrid integration, scientific innovation, global collaboration and ease of access.
- Our industry-leading quantum computer holds the record for performance with a Quantum Volume of 2虏鲁 = 8,388,608 and the highest fidelity on a commercially available QPU available to our users every time they access our systems.
- Our systems have been validated by a #1 ranking against competitors in a recent benchmarking study by J眉lich Research Centre.
- We鈥檝e laid out a clear roadmap to reach universal, fully fault-tolerant quantum computing by the end of the decade and will launch our next-generation system, Helios, later this year.
- We are advancing real-world hybrid compute with partners such as RIKEN, NVIDIA, SoftBank, STFC Hartree Center and are pioneering applications such as our own GenQAI framework.
Exhibit Hall
From June 10鈥13, in Hamburg, Germany, visit us at Booth B40 in the Exhibition Hall or attend one of our technical talks to explore how our quantum technologies are pushing the boundaries of what鈥檚 possible across HPC.
Presentations & Demos
Throughout ISC, our team will present on the most important topics in HPC and quantum computing integration鈥攆rom near-term hybrid use cases to hardware innovations and future roadmaps.
Multicore World Networking Event
- 鈥Monday, June 9 | 7:00pm 鈥 9:00 PM at Hofbr盲u Wirtshaus Esplanade
鈥In partnership with Multicore World, join us for a 夜色直播-sponsored Happy Hour to explore the present and future of quantum computing with 夜色直播 CCO, Dr. Nash Palaniswamy, and network with our team.
H1 x CUDA-Q Demonstration
- 鈥All Week at Booth B40
鈥We鈥檙e showcasing a live demonstration of NVIDIA鈥檚 CUDA-Q platform running on 夜色直播鈥檚 industry-leading quantum hardware. This new integration paves the way for hybrid compute solutions in optimization, AI, and chemistry.
鈥Register for a demo
HPC Solutions Forum
- 鈥Wednesday, June 11 | 2:20 鈥 2:40 PM
鈥鈥淓nabling Scientific Discovery with Generative Quantum AI鈥 鈥 Presented by Maud Einhorn, Technical Account Executive at 夜色直播, discover how hybrid quantum-classical workflows are powering novel use cases in scientific discovery.
See You There!
Whether you're exploring hybrid solutions today or planning for large-scale quantum deployment tomorrow, ISC 2025 is the place to begin the conversation.
We look forward to seeing you in Hamburg!